Hina SEHAR¹, Qin LIU¹, Nina DHONDY¹, Shir-Jing HO^1
1St George Hospital, Haematology Department, NSW Health Pathology

Background:

Plasma cell myeloma is a bone marrow-based, multifocal neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells. The detection and interpretation of cytogenetic abnormalities in myeloma is of critical importance for prognosis and risk stratification of myeloma.

1. Assess the frequency of patients with complex abnormalities.

2. Analysis of how many new patients have additional cytogenetic abnormalities that have not been risk stratified.

Retrospective analysis of cytogenetics data for newly diagnosed myeloma patients in the last 5 years. Analysis includes initial presentation, karyotype and FISH results, treatment, disease outcome, and treatment response.Patients with complex cytogenetics, double and triple hit and additional cytogenetic results have been analysed to study the effect on patient outcome.

Results:
Among the total 109 patients, 24% showed abnormal karyotype with 85% showing complex karyotype. 87% showed abnormal FISH results 51% had high risk cytogenetics. 17%showed additional cytogenetic abnormalities.
12 patients had double hit and only 1 patient had triple hit. Most common clinical presentation was anemia  in  73% patients. 32% patients had a disease relapse, mortality rate was 24%.

This is a single-centre retrospective study, highlighting complex and multiple cytogenetic abnormalities in new myeloma patients with with the majority showing high-risk group.